理想气体的微观模型

压强: \[p = \frac{1}{3}nm \bar{v^2} = \frac{2}{3}v \bar{\epsilon}_k, \;p = \bar{n}k_B T\] \[\Rightarrow\bar{\epsilon}_k = \frac{3}{2}k_B T\]

真实气体修正: \[\left( p + \frac{\alpha v^2}{V^2} \right)\left( V - bv \right) = \nu RT\]